GR 20

Spanning approximately 185 kilometers (115 miles) and with an elevation gain of around 10,200 meters (33,500 feet), the GR 20 is a renowned long-distance trail that traverses the mountainous terrain of Corsica, a rugged island in the Mediterranean Sea. This point-to-point trail is considered one of the most challenging in Europe, with an estimated difficulty rating of Extra Difficult due to its steep ascents, rocky paths, and technical sections.

Getting to the Trailhead

The trailhead is located near Porto-Vecchio, a town on the southeast coast of Corsica. To reach the starting point, hikers can fly into Figari Sud-Corse Airport and take a taxi or bus to Porto-Vecchio. From there, local buses or taxis can transport hikers to the trailhead at Calenzana, which is the traditional starting point in the north. Alternatively, if you're starting from the south, the trailhead is near Conca, accessible by bus or taxi from Porto-Vecchio.

Navigating the Trail

Hikers can rely on the HiiKER app for detailed maps and navigation assistance throughout the GR 20. The trail is well-marked with red and white blazes, but due to its challenging nature, it's essential to have a reliable navigation tool, especially when weather conditions deteriorate or in the more remote sections of the trail.

Terrain and Landmarks

The GR 20 is divided into two sections: the northern part, known for its alpine scenery, and the southern part, which is slightly less rugged but still offers a considerable challenge. The northern section features the Cirque de la Solitude, a dramatic glacial basin that was once a key feature of the trail but has been bypassed due to safety concerns after a tragic accident. Hikers will now use an alternative route that still offers stunning views of the surrounding peaks and valleys.

As you progress along the trail, you'll encounter a variety of landscapes, including dense forests, alpine meadows, and granite moonscapes. The path takes you through the heart of Corsica's regional park, Parc Naturel Régional de Corse, which is home to endemic species such as the Corsican red deer and the bearded vulture.

Historical Significance

Corsica has a rich history, with influences from various cultures, including the Genoese and the French. The GR 20 doesn't pass through many historical sites directly, but the island's heritage is evident in the architecture of the mountain villages and the ancient mule tracks that intersect with the trail. These paths have been used for centuries by shepherds and traders.

Wildlife and Nature

The trail offers a chance to see Corsica's unique flora and fauna. The island's isolation has led to high levels of endemism. Keep an eye out for the Corsican nuthatch, the only bird species endemic to the island, and the mouflon, a type of wild sheep from which all domestic sheep are descended. The diverse plant life includes the fragrant maquis shrubland and forests of Laricio pine.

Preparation and Planning

Due to the trail's difficulty, hikers should be in excellent physical condition and have experience with multi-day treks. The GR 20 can take 15 days or more to complete, depending on pace and weather conditions. It's essential to carry a tent or arrange accommodation in advance at the various refuges along the route. These mountain huts provide basic amenities and sometimes meals, but they can fill up quickly during the peak season.

Hikers should pack for variable conditions, including cold temperatures at higher elevations and potential thunderstorms. A comprehensive first aid kit, repair kit, and emergency shelter are also crucial. Water sources are available but carrying a water filter or purification tablets is recommended due to the presence of livestock.

Seasonal Considerations

The best time to hike the GR 20 is from late June to early September when the weather is most stable, and the snow has melted from the high passes. Outside of this window, hikers may encounter snow, ice, and closed facilities. It's also important to note that the trail can be extremely hot in the height of summer, so starting early in the day to avoid the midday sun is advisable.